Do you know how your favourite diet soda achieves that perfect sweetness without the guilt of extra calories? It’s “Aspartame”, a widely used non-nutritive sweetener (NNS) that comes in odourless white form. Recent studies have uncovered the potential harms of aspartame and have advised to switch to aspartame-free products. In this article, let’s dig into the truth about aspartame and know how chewing gum with Xylitol can be a better alternative.
| What is Aspartame? | Evolution of Aspartame | Aspartame in Chewing Gums and Light Beverages | Aspartame and Cancer: WHO Findings | Xylitol Over Aspartame | Alternatives of Aspartame | Bottom Line | References |
What is Aspartame?
Aspartame, a tiny compound, is uniquely sweet. It is an artificial sweetener that is commonly used in a variety of low-calorie and sugar-free products. It is a sugar substitute with a sweetness intensity about 200 times that of sucrose (table sugar). Aspartame is composed of two amino acids: phenylalanine and aspartic acid. When ingested, it is broken down into constituent parts and metabolised like other proteins. [1]
Aspartame Approval
It is approved by worldwide authorities, including the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). It has been recognised as “safe” for the general population, pregnant women, and children when used within established acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels. [2]
In summary, it is a popular choice for those looking to reduce sugar intake while maintaining sweetness in their diet. But do you have any idea of where it initially came from? Let’s get to know about its history.
Evolution of Aspartame
Aspartame’s trajectory history began in the mid-20th century when chemist James Schlatter accidentally discovered its sweet taste in 1965 while working on an anti-ulcer drug. Schlatter licked his fingers to pick up a piece of paper and noticed the sweet flavour, leading to identifying aspartame.
The FDA approved aspartame for use in dry foods. After some concerns and further studies, the FDA approved aspartame for carbonated beverages, and its popularity as a sugar substitute soared. Throughout the years, extensive scientific research consistently supported its safety. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) also affirmed its safety.
Today, its journey from accidental discovery to regulatory approval reflects the ongoing efforts to provide satisfactory, low-calorie sweeteners for consumers.
Aspartame in Chewing Gums and Light Beverages
Aspartame is commonly used in chewing gums and beverages as a sugar substitute to provide sweetness without adding extra calories, unlike aspartame-free chewing gum. Let’s explore each of them widely.
Chewing Gum
Aspartame is mostly used in chewing gum as a low-calorie sweetener. While it provides sweetness without extra calories, concerns have been raised about its safety, with some studies suggesting potential health risks. As a healthier alternative, opting for aspartame-free chewing gum is a wise choice. These alternatives often use natural sweeteners like xylitol, offering a sweet taste without risk.
Medications (e.g., Cough Drops, Chewable Vitamins)
Aspartame is added to cough drops, making them more enjoyable for individuals seeking relief from cough symptoms. It also contributes to chewable vitamins, giving its flavour a healthy taste for children and adults.
Ice Cream and Dairy Products
Some varieties of ice cream feature aspartame as a sweetener, providing a reduced-calorie alternative to traditional sugar-sweetened ice creams. It is also included in dairy products like yoghurt to enhance sweetness while minimising the calorie content.
Diet Drinks
Aspartame is a common ingredient in diet drinks, providing sweetness without the added calories of sugar. Its use helps create low-calorie and sugar-free alternatives for individuals managing their caloric intake.
Overall, aspartame plays a crucial role in enhancing the taste and acceptability of these products.
Aspartame and Cancer: WHO Findings
In a revelation that might make diet soda enthusiasts rethink their fizzy habits. A report from the World Health Organization (WHO) suggests that aspartame may have a potential link to cancer, as determined by a committee of 25 international experts. Dr. Francesco Branca, the director of the WHO’s Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, showed concern for “high consumers” of diet soda or other products containing aspartame. [3]
In addition, the International Agency for Research on Cancer used a ranking system to assess if aspartame might cause cancer in people. They placed it in group 2B, meaning it’s considered possibly carcinogenic to humans. However, WHO said they’ll stay updated in exploring the potential link between aspartame consumption and its impact on health.
Find out more about Controversial Chewing Gum Ingredients! Here.
Xylitol Over Aspartame
If there’s a possibility that aspartame might be carcinogenic, it’s wise to consider safer alternatives. Choosing options with a lower risk for your health is a good approach. And what’s the better alternative than Xylitol? [4]
Xylitol is a natural sugar substitute with several health benefits. It’s commonly derived from birch bark. Xylitol may also help prevent cavities by inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria in the mouth. It also stimulates saliva production, which helps neutralize acids in the mouth and reduces the risk of cavities. Xylitol is present in some other products as well, including:
Xylitol gum
Choosing Xylitol-containing gum is not just about satisfying a sweet tooth; it’s a smart choice for those looking to treat mouth sores and a cavity-free smile.
Xylitol Mouth Sprays
Using xylitol mouth sprays may offer a convenient and pleasant way to support oral hygiene and freshness.
Xylitol Lozenges
Xylitol lozenges are designed to ease the discomfort of dry mouth. The combination of xylitol and malic acid in these lozenges boosts saliva production, which, in turn, helps increase the moisture in your mouth.
So, not only does xylitol make these products taste good, but it also is less favourable for dental problems.
Alternatives of Aspartame
In the big world of sugar substitutes, aspartame is just one option. However, due to concerns about its safety and potential health effects, some individuals seek alternatives. Each alternative offers different advantages and dietary needs. Let’s check how it compares to others.
Erythritol
Erythritol is a common sweetener. It’s a zero-calorie sweetener that occurs naturally in some fruits and vegetables.
Sucralose
Sucralose, a favourite for baking due to its heat stability, is a synthetic sweetener. It’s generally considered safe.
Stevia
Derived from the leaves of the Stevia rebaudiana plant, stevia is a natural sweetener. It’s often considered safe.
Saccharin
One of the earliest artificial sweeteners is often discovered in sodas and sweeteners on tables.
The search for sugar alternatives has led to exploring various sweeteners beyond aspartame. While these sweeteners can be part of a balanced diet, individual reactions may differ. So, It’s advisable to consume them in moderation.
Bottom Line
In conclusion, aspartame was considered a safe option after the approval by regulatory authorities. However, with the recent revelation by WHO, safety concerns have sounded alarm bells around the world. Thus, medical professionals are directing the people towards a safer option: Xylitol.
References
[1] Aspartame is almost 200 times sweeter than sugar – https://www.healthline.com/health/aspartame-side-effects
[2] Using Aspartame within acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels – https://foodinsight.org/everything-you-need-to-know-about-aspartame/
[3] Aspartame may cause cancer to those who take it in huge quantities – https://www.who.int/news/item/14-07-2023-aspartame-hazard-and-risk-assessment-results-released
[4] Xylitol over Aspartame has more health benefits – https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/xylitol-gum-benefits-uses-and-more#summary